Case 08 · Obstetrics
Eclampsia at 36 weeks
A 23-year-old first-time mother with almost no antenatal care is brought in with a headache and blurred vision, and fits as she reaches the trolley. Her BP is 172/114. Protect her airway, give magnesium sulfate by a recognised regimen, bring her blood pressure down safely, and stabilise her before the baby is delivered.
About this case
What you will practise
Learning objectives
- Manage the airway during and after an eclamptic fit: left lateral, no restraint, suction and oxygen.
- Give magnesium sulfate by the Pritchard or Zuspan regimen, and treat a recurrent fit.
- Monitor for magnesium toxicity with reflexes, respiratory rate and urine output, and treat it with calcium gluconate.
- Treat severe hypertension within 30–60 minutes with labetalol, hydralazine or nifedipine, without dropping BP too far.
- Restrict fluids, look for HELLP, and assess the baby once the mother is stable.
- Plan delivery after maternal stabilisation.
Key decisions this case tests
- Diazepam or magnesium for the fit?
- How fast, and how far, should the BP come down?
- When is it safe to give the next magnesium dose?
- The fetal heart is slow after the fit. Theatre now?
- Do fluid boluses help a woman with pre-eclampsia?
Reference basis
- World Health Organization. WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, 2011.
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India: maternal health guidance on magnesium sulfate (Pritchard regimen).
- ACOG Practice Bulletin 222 (2020) and Committee Opinion 767 (2019) on hypertension in pregnancy and acute severe hypertension.
- Eclampsia Trial Collaborative Group. Lancet 1995;345:1455–63.
Content version 1.0 · November 2026 · clinical review pending. See the Clinical content policy.
Before you start
The physiology is a simplified teaching model: magnesium levels, BP responses, fit timing and stroke risk are timed for learning, not prediction. Doses follow the cited guidelines but have not yet been signed off by a clinician.
Visle is for education only and is not medical advice. Severe headache, blurred vision, upper abdominal pain or a fit in pregnancy needs emergency care.
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